It's summertime and contagious viral diseases such as sore eyes and chicken pox are common again! This is because these diseases spread easily because of socialization patterns in this time of the year.
Let me give you facts about these diseases for your guidance.
Conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye (not 'red' as it looks), is an inflammation of the conjunctiva - the thin, clear layer that lines the inner eyelid and covers the white part of the eye. It can be caused by viruses, bacteria, allergens or toxins. Viruses are the most common cause.
Signs and Symptoms
Viral conjunctivitis is the most common form. Symptoms include reddened eyes, a scratchy, gritty sensation, and a clear, watery discharge from the eye. Many people have symptoms of a cold at the same time, as the same virus that causes a cold can cause viral conjunctivitis. Viral conjunctivitis usually gets better by itself, although symptoms of viral conjunctivitis typically last 3-4 days. Note that the period of contagion for viral conjunctivitis lasts at least 7 days after the symptoms begin.
Bacterial conjunctivitis symptoms typically appear suddenly. They include irritation and tearing, first in one eye, and later in the other (within 2 days). A yellowish, pus-like discharge then develops. A crusty discharge may develop around the base of the eye lashes and lashes may stick together, especially after sleep.
o If you develop these symptoms please seek medical attention for an evaluation for bacterial conjunctivitis.
o A prescription medication applied to the eye is used for treatment.
o Symptomatic treatment listed below along with an antibiotic often cures bacterial conjunctivitis.
Allergic conjunctivitis usually affects both eyes. Symptoms include itching, tearing and swollen eyelids. A person with history of other allergies usually suffer from these.
Treatment:
Conjunctivitis requires medical attention. The appropriate treatment depends on the cause of the problem.
For the allergic type, cool compresses and artificial tears sometimes relieve discomfort in mild cases. In more severe cases, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications and antihistamines may be prescribed. Some patients with persistent allergic conjunctivitis may also require topical steroid drops.
Bacterial conjunctivitis is usually treated with antibiotic eye drops or ointments that cover a broad range of bacteria.
Like the common cold, there is no cure for viral conjunctivitis; however, the symptoms can be relieved with cool compresses and artificial tears (found in most pharmacies). For the worst cases, topical steroid drops may be prescribed to reduce the discomfort from inflammation. Viral conjunctivitis usually resolves within 3 days.
To avoid spreading infection, take these simple steps:
· Disinfect surfaces such as doorknobs and counters with
diluted bleach solution
· Don’t swim in crowded pools (some bacteria can be spread in the water)
· Avoid touching the face and eyes. If you do touch your eyes or face,
wash your hands with soap and warm water for at least 15 seconds.
· Do not use contact lenses. Discard any contact lenses and make-up
you are using because they may re-infect your eye.
· Change your pillowcase frequently.
· Wash hands frequently.
· Don’t share towels or washcloths.
· Do not reuse handkerchiefs (using a tissue is best).
· Avoid shaking hands.
· For comfort, apply cold compresses (such as a clean face cloth, cotton
balls, or gauze dampened with cool water, or cool cucumber slices) to the
eye area for several minutes a few times per day. Use a new compress
each time.
Remember: Seek medical attention promptly if you have any eye swelling, thick, pus-like discharge, pain, changes in your vision, sensitivity to light, trauma or foreign body in the eye. These symptoms might indicate a more serious condition that would need immediate evaluation.
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